Monday, July 22, 2013

Jordan: Soccer in the Refugee Camps


With the civil war still raging in Syria, the number of refugees searching for safety has increased in astonishing numbers, particularly in Za’atri, Jordan. Home to over 120,000 refugees, the Za’atri camp reflects some of the bigger refugee problems in Jordan. Although Jordan receives a good portion of the $800 million dollars the United States provides for humanitarian aid in Syria, the high death toll of 93,000 people has left many refugees uneasy. Recently during Secretary Kerry’s visit to the area, many refuges urged the United States to instill a no-fly zone[1]. The concern is of course warranted because the numbers, the need, and the refugees are so staggering. The United Nations projects the total number of refugees at 1,831,024 with 629,569 refugees in Lebanon, 502,296 in Jordan, 428,198 in Turkey, 161,697 in Iraq, and 95,364 in Egypt. More astonishing still is the fact that 2/3 of these refugees are women and children[2]-[3]. Forced with the reality that they have no home in the midst of a seemingly infinite flux between survival and childhood, young refugees face the harsh realities of living in a refugee camp. In a completely foreign environment, soccer, simple and popular, can help forge an identity or at least a past time for many of these misplaced youth. The Office of Weapons Removal and Abatement has sponsored “Spirit of Soccer” in an effort to teach kids of the potential hazards in and around the Za’atri refugee camp, such as those posed by landmines[4]. Nonetheless, I think that the game of soccer fills in a stronger void, the ability to feel free and young. Perhaps it’s the sandy pitch, the ball at their feet, and the joy of scoring the perfect goal that can deflate the impact of the guns, the fear, and the loss from the Syrian border.


For more information on the cool stuff the “Spirit of Soccer” is doing visit their site HERE.

Monday, July 15, 2013

Italian Soccer: Racism Persists On and Off the Pitch

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Roberto Calderoli

Italian politician Roberto Calderoli has incited controversy in Italy for calling Italy’s first black minister Cecile Kyenge an orangutan. Kyenge, a Congolese immigrant, is supporting an initiative to make a path to Italian citizenship more accessible to immigrants[1]. However, Calderoli’s racist remarks allude to similar remarks after Italy’s win against France in the 2006 FIFA World Cup where he remarked that France sacrificed their national identity to field blacks, Muslims, and communists[2]. Italy’s inclusion of Ghanian-Italian forward Mario Balotelli and Egyptian-Italian winger Stephan El Shaarawy into the national side could serve as a step forward to the overwhelmingly homogenous Italian population. Yet, racism on the pitch persists and it seems that intolerance in Italian politics and soccer shows little sign of subsiding.

Despite awesome showings at EURO 2012 and the 2013 Confederations Cup, Mario Balotelli has been galvanized by racist chants and remarks. In early May, visiting Roma fans were caught repeating racist chants to Balotelli at the San Siro. In response, Balotelli faced the supporter group inciting the chants in order to quiet them[3]. Although president of FIFA, Sepp Blatter condemned the remarks in an address the next day, many feel that the Italian Soccer Federation is not approaching the problem in the correct manner[4]. Opting to fine the soccer clubs themselves, the federation misses the root of the problem, the nationalist supporter groups who promulgate racism in the stadiums. Moreover, fines seem to have very little effect on clubs considering that the thousands in fines do not compare to the millions in revenue.  Nonetheless, the problem stems from the nationalist approach that many of the “ultra” supporter groups uphold although they also provide much club support.

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(Right) Mario Balotelli playing for Italy [Attribution: Football.ua]

Should Italy seek to make progressive change, it must combat arcane nationalist sentiments. Although the introduction of diverse soccer players, such as Mario Balotelli, seems to show a step in the right direction, such progress is hampered through racist responses on the pitch. In turn, the racist sentiments mimic the same audacious dialogue upheld in the government system, particularly for reformists that want to break the old nationalist guard. It was in both the 1934 and 1938 that Mussolini attributed the great success of Italian soccer to the resilience of ethnic Italians. It was in 2006 that Roberto Calderoli praised Italy for the same reason. It is in 2013, that politicians, immigrants, and even soccer players of color cannot escape this fallacy, on or off the pitch.